Kava has long been used for its calming and relaxing effects. But did you know it has other medicinal benefits? In the Pacific islands, it’s been used as a nutritional supplement for generations, and science has now suggested that kava’s effects have a range of health benefits, from relaxation to potentially helping fight cancer.
Recent research has started investigating how kava can support different health conditions. Here, we highlight five conditions that have drawn the most attention from both the public and research.
It helps manage anxiety
One of thing kava is best known for is supporting anxiety. These anti-anxiety properties come from how kavalactones, the active ingredients in kava, act in the brain. There are several different kavalactones but only six are known to be a part of kava’s effects. Recently, researchers further isolated the specific kavalactone called “Kavain” that is most responsible for helping with anxiety.
Kavain acts on certain receptors in the brain. Receptors help manage what chemicals come in and out of the brain. These receptors, called GABA receptors, are responsible for kava’s well-known ability to calm and relax. It turns out that these are the same receptors that benzodiazepines, barbiturates and anesthetics trigger for treating anxiety. There is even some research that shows kava helps women experiencing anxiety due to menopause. This is promising for both the effectiveness of kava and the potential for it to be considered a therapeutic treatment.
Helps with sleep issues
Kava’s effects have also been connected to helping people with sleep disorders. This is primarily through it’s anti-anxiety pathways. Many sleep issues are linked to anxiety, and the kavalactone’s actions on the brain can also help those with anxiety-related insomnia.
Research also shows that kava’s effects can help you fall asleep faster. Kava is classified as “heavy” and is known to have more of a body effect. It leaves your limbs feeling weighted down, and you feel tired and sleepy. This makes it a great option for helping with sleep.
It helps lower pain
While one of the hallmarks of kava is the numb feeling you get in your tongue and mouth, there is not much research on its pain-relieving qualities. Traditionally, it’s been given to teething babies to help soothe their gum pain. It has also been used throughout the Pacific islands as a treatment for severe bites and stings from bugs and poisonous fish, to treat chronic pains like back pain, and to help with muscle relaxation. It’s even been used as a local anesthetic and sleep aid.
The limited research evidence suggests that kava has antinociceptive (that is, pain blocking) properties when given to mice with kava extract. Two types of pain tests were done, and in both cases, the pain was reduced in the kava groups. The researchers suggest specific kavalactones might have more effective pain effects than others. They also found that kava works on different pain pathways than opiates, meaning that kava could be a good pain treatment replacement for opiates.
It can help protect your brain
Kava’s effects lie in the kavalactones that have also demonstrated neuroprotective qualities. That is, they have components that can protect your brain. Kavalactones protect your brain by acting on specific inflammatory pathways. While inflammation is a natural process, chronic inflammation is not and is connected to several neurodegenerative conditions. Kavalacotones also work by decreasing the level of oxidative stress caused by too many damage-causing molecules in the body.
There are even suggestions that specific kavalactones have neuroprotective effects based on the pathways they act on. One study discussed that methysticin may activate an antioxidant cascade that led to improvements of symptoms in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease.
It may lower the risk of cancer
Recently, there has been interest in looking into kava’s impact in fighting cancer. In the South Pacific, where kava originates, there are very few cancer cases, and this has been possibly linked to the amount of kava they drink.
Kavalactones appear to be the component of kava with the most anticancer activity. They show different pathways of action, including triggering apoptosis, or programmed cell death, of cancer cells and slowing down cancer cell growth. They may also be able to disrupt the growth and division of cancer cells and interrupt molecules that impact cell movement and growth, reducing their spread.
While this is all very promising, there is conflicting information on kava’s effects, and more research needs to be done to better understand how kava works in this and other health conditions. However, the interest and historical evidence are very exciting in getting kava more recognition as a potential therapeutic treatment.
* Please note that the majority of kava research pertains to kava extracts, which often undergo significant processing and may contain additional ingredients and fillers that can influence their efficacy. It is crucial to consider this distinction when reading about kava studies. To draw an analogy, enjoying natural kava as a beverage can be likened to experiencing a freshly brewed cappuccino, whereas kava extracts are akin in functionality to a caffeine pill. Both forms have their unique benefits and can cater to different preferences and needs. While it’s helpful to understand research on kava extracts, please view it critically and remember that natural kava offers a uniquely holistic experience.
